The Center for the Neural Basis of Cognition
Last updated June 3, 2006

James L. McClelland
Online Publications

Recent Book

Rogers, T. T. and McClelland, J. L. (2004). Semantic Cognition: A Parallel Distributed Processing Approach. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press. [Available from Amazon.com.]

Work in Progress

McClelland, J. L. and Vander Wyk, Brent. Graded Constraints in English Word forms. Working manuscript not for quotation. February, 2006. [PDF.]

In Press

Bogacz,R., Usher, M., Zhang, J. and McClelland, J. L. (in press). Extending a biologically inspired model of choice: multi-alternatives, nonlinearity and value-based multidimensional choice. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society: B. Biological Sciences. Theme issue on Modeling Natural Action Selection. [PDF.]

Criss, A. and McClelland, J. L. (in press). Differentiating the Differentiation Models: A Comparison of the Retrieving Effectively from Memory Model (REM) and the Subjective Likelihood Model (SLiM). Journal of Memory and Language. [PDF.]

Mcclelland, J. L. and Thomspson, R. M. (in press). Using domain general principles to explain children's causal reasoning abilities. Developmental Science. [PDF.]

Mechelli, A., Josephs, O., Lambon Ralph, M. A., McClelland, J. L., and Price, C. J. (in press). Dissociating stimulus-driven semantic and phonological effects during reading and naming. Human Brain Mapping. [PDF.]

Mirman, D., McClelland, J. L. and Holt, L. L. (in press). An Interactive Hebbian Account of Lexically Guided Tuning of Speech Perception. Psychonomic Bulletin and Review. [PDF.]

Moldakarimov, S. B., McClelland, J. L., and Ermentrout, G. B. (2006). A homeostatic rule for inhibitory synapses promotes temporal sharpening and cortical reorganization. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 103(44),16526-31. [PDF] [Supplementary Materials PDF]

Tricomi, E., Delgado, M. R., McCandliss, B. D., McClelland, J. L. and Fiez, J. A. (in press). Performance feedback drives caudate activation in a phonological learning task. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience. [PDF.]

Vallabha, G. and McClelland, J. L. (in press). Success and failure of new speech category learning in adulthood: Consequences of learned Hebbian attractors in topographic maps. Cognitive, Affective and Behavioral Neuroscience. [PDF.]

2006

McClelland, J. L. (2006). How Far Can You Go with Hebbian Learning, and When Does it Lead you Astray? In Munakata, Y. and Johnson, M. H. Processes of Change in Brain and Cognitive Development: Attention and Performance XXI. pp. 33-69. Oxford: Oxford University Press. [PDF.]

McClelland, J. L. Mirman, D., and Holt, L. L. (2006). Are there interactive processes in speech perception? Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 10(8), pp. 363-369. [PDF.]

2005

Bybee, J. and McClelland, J. L. (2005). Alternatives to the combinatorial paradigm of linguistic theory based on domain general principles of human cognition. The Linguistic Review, 22(2-4), 381-410. [PDF.]

Lambon Ralph, M. A., Braber, N., McClelland, J. L. and Patterson, K. (2005). What underlies the neuropsychological pattern of irregular > regular past-tense verb production? Brain and Language. [PDF. Related article by Braber, Ellis, Lambon Ralph and Patterson [PDF.]

Mechelli, A., Crinion, J. T., Long, S., Friston, K. J., Lambon Ralph, M. A., Patterson, K., McClelland, J. L., and Price, C. J. (2005). Dissociating reading processes on the basis of neuronal interactions. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 17(11), 1753-1765. [PDF.]

Mirman, D., McClelland, J. L. and Holt, L. L. (2005). Computational and behavioral investigations of lexically induced delays in phoneme recognition. Journal of Memory and Language, 52, 424-443. [PDF.]

Rogers, T. T., and McClelland, J. L. (2005). A parallel distributed processing approach to semantic cognition: Applications to conceptual development. In L. Gershkoff-Stowe and D. Rakison (Eds), Building Object Categories in Developmental Time.. [PDF.]

2004

Maia, T. V. and McClelland, J. L. (2004). A re-examination of the evidence for the somatic marker hypothesis: What participants know in the Iowa gambling task. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 101, 16075-16080. [PDF.] Supplementary Materials [PDF.] PNAS Commentary by Sanfey and Cohen [PDF.] TiCS Research Focus Commentary by Bechara et al [PDF.] Response to Bechara et al by Maia and McClelland [PDF.]

Mirman, D., Holt, L. L. and McClelland, J. L. (2004). Categorization and discrimination of non-speech sounds: Differences between steady-state and rapidly-changing acoustic cues. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 116, 1198-1207. [PDF.]

Rogers, T. T., Lambon Ralph, M. A., Garrard, P., Bozeat, S., McClelland, J. L., Hodges, J. R., and Patterson, K. (2004). The structure and deterioration of semantic memory: A neuropsychological and computational investigation. Psychological Review, 111, 205-235. [PDF.]

Rogers, T. T., Rakison, D. and McClelland, J. L. (2004). U-shaped curves in development: A PDP approach. Contribution to a special issue on U-shaped changes in behavior and their implications for cognitive development. Journal of Cognition and Development, 5, 137-145. [PDF.]

Usher, M. and McCelland, J. L. (2004). Loss aversion and inhibition in dynamical models of multi-alternative choice. Psychological Review, 111, 757-769. [PDF.]

Bird, H., Lambon Ralph, M. A., Seidenberg, M.S., McClelland, J.L., and Patterson, K. (2003). Deficits in phonology and past-tense morphology: What's the connection? Journal of Memory and Language, 48, 502-526. [PDF.]

2003

Lupyan, G. and McClelland, J. L. (2003). Did, made, had, said: Capturing quasi-regularity in exceptions. Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the Cognitive Science Society, 2003. [PDF.]

McClelland, J. L., Plaut, D. C., Gotts, S. J. and Maia, T. V. (2003). Developing a domain-general framework for cognition: What is the best approach? Commentary on a target article by Anderson and Lebiere. Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 22,, 611-614. [HTML.] [Target Article PDF with Commentaries.]

McClelland, J. L. and Rogers, T. T. (2003). The Parallel Distributed Processing Approach to Semantic Cognition. Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 4, 310-322. [PDF.]

Munakata, Y. and McClelland, J. L. (2003). Connectionist models of development. Contribution to a special issue on Dynamical Systems and Connectionist Models. Developmental Science, 6:4, 413-429. [PDF.]

2002

McCandliss, B. D., Fiez, J. A., Protopapas, A., Conway, M., and McClelland, J. L. (2002). Success and failure in teaching the [r]-[l] contrast to Japanese adults: Predictions of a Hebbian model of plasticity and stabilization in spoken language perception. Cognitive, Affective and Behavioral Neuroscience. 2:2. 89-108. [PDF.][Related Newspaper Story (.txt).]

McClelland, J. L., Fiez, J.A. and McCandliss, B. D. (2002). Teaching the /r/-/l/ discrimination to Japanese adults: behavioral and neural aspects. Physiology & Behavior, 77, 657-62. [PDF.]

McClelland, J. L. and Lupyan, G. (2002). Double dissociations never license simple inferences about underlying brain organization, especially in developmental cases. Commentary on a target article by Thomas and Karmiloff-Smith. Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 25, 763-764. [HTML.] [Target Article PDF with Commentaries.]

McClelland, J. L. and Patterson, K. (2002). Rules or Connections in Past-Tense inflections: What does the evidence rule out? Trends in Cognitive Sciences. With McClelland, J. L. and Patterson, K. (2002). `Words Or Rules' cannot exploit the regularity in exceptions (Reply to Pinker and Ullman). [Preprint in PDF.]

McClelland, J. L., Patterson, K., Pinker, S. and Ullman, M. (2002). The Past Tense Debate: Papers and replies by S. Pinker and M. Ullman and by J. McClelland and K. Patterson.Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 6,456-474. [ PDF.] Follow-up comment by Marslen-Wilson and Tyler [ PDF] and response by McClelland and Patterson [ PDF].

Usher, M., Olami, Z., and McClelland, J. L. (2002). Hick's law in a stoachastic race model with speed- accuracy tradeoff. Mathematical Psychology, 46, 704-715. [PDF.]

2001

McClelland, J. L. (2001). Cognitive Neuroscience. In N. J. Smelser and Paul B. Baltes (Eds.), International Encyclopedia of the Social & Behavioral Sciences. Oxford: Pergamon, 2133-2139. [PDF.]

McClelland, J. L. (2001). Failures to learn and their remediation: A Hebbian account. In J. L. McClelland and R. S. Siegler (Eds.) Mechanisms of Cognitive Development: Behavioral and Neural Approaches. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, 97-211. [PDF.]

Lambon Ralph, M. A., McClelland, J. L., Patterson, K., Galton, C. J., and Hodges, J. R. (2001). No right to speak? The relationship between object naming and semantic impairment: Neuropsychological evidence and a computational model. Cognitive Neuroscience. 13:3, 341-356. [PDF.]

Movellan, J., and McClelland, J. L. (2001). The Morton-Massaro Law of Information Integration: Implications for Models of Perception. Psychological Review, 108, 113-148. [PDF.]

Patterson, K., Lambon Ralph, M. A., Hodges, J. R., and McClelland, J. L. (2001). Deficits in irregular past-tense verb morphology associated with degraded semantic knowledge. Neuropsychologia, 39, 709-724. [PDF.]

Usher, M., and McClelland, J. L. (2001). On the time course of perceptual choice: The leaky competing accumulator model. Psychological Review, 108, 550-592. [PDF.]

2000

McClelland, J. L. (2000). The basis of hyperspecificity in autism: a preliminary suggestion based on properties of neural nets. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 30, 497-2002. [PDF.]

Plaut, D. C., and McClelland, J. L. (2000). Stipulating versus discovering representations Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 23. [PDF.]

1999

McClelland, J. L., and Plaut, D. C. (1999). Does generalization in infant learning implicate abstract algebra-like rules? [PDF.]

McClelland, J., Thomas, A., McCandliss, B., and Fiez, J. (1999). Understanding Failures of Learning: Hebbian Learning, Competition for Representational Space, and Some Preliminary Experimental Data. In J. Reggia, E. Ruppin and D. Glanzman (Eds.), Progress in Brain Research. Volume 121. Disorders of Brain, Behavior and Cognition: The Neurocomputational Perspective, Amsterdam: Elsevier, 75-80. [PDF.]

1998

McClelland, J. L. (1998). Connectionist models and Bayesian inference. In M. Oaksford & N. Chater (Eds.), Rational Models of Cognition. Oxford: Oxford University Press. 21-53. [PDF.]

McClelland, J. L. and Chappell, M. (1998). Familiarity Breeds Differentiation: A Subjective-Likelihood Appoach to the Effects of Experience in Recognition Memory. Psychological Review, 105, 724-760. [PDF.]

1997

Munakata, Y., McClelland, J. L., Johnson, M. H. and Siegler, R. S. (1997). Rethinking Infant Knowledge: Toward an Adaptive Process Account of Successes and Failures in Object Permanence Tasks. Psychological Review, 104, 686-713. [PDF.]

1996

McClelland, J. L. and Goddard, N. (1996). Considerations arising from a complementary learning systems perspective on hippocampus and neocortex. Hippocampus, 6, 654-665. [PDF.]

McClelland, J. L. (1996). Role of the hippocampus in learning and memory: A computational analysis. In T. Ono, B. L. McNaughton, S. Molitchnikoff, E. T. Rolls and H. Nichijo (Eds.), Perception Memory, and Emotion: Frontier in Neuroscience. Oxford: Elsevier Science, Ltd. 601-613. [PDF.]

McClelland, J. L. (1996). Integration of information: Reflections on the theme of Attention and Performance XVI. In T. Inui & J. L. McClelland (Eds.), Attention & Performance XVI: Information Integration in Perception and Communication. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 633-656. [PDF.]

Plaut, D. C., McClelland, J. L., Seidenberg, M. S., and Patterson, K. (1996). Understanding normal and impaired word reading: Computational principles in quasi-regular domains. Psychological Review, 103, 56-115. [PDF.]

1995

McClelland, J. L. (1995). Constructive Memory and Memory Distortions: A Parallel-Distributed Processing Approach. In D. L. Schacter, (Ed.), Memory Distortion. Cambridge, MA: Harvard, 69-90. [PDF.]

McClelland, J. L. (1995). A connectionist approach to knowledge and development. In T. J. Simon and G. S. Halford (Eds.), Developing cognitive competence: New approaches to process modeling. pp. 157-204. Mahwah, NJ: LEA, 601-613. [PDF.]

McClelland, J. L., McNaughton, B. L., and O'Reilly, R. C. (1995). Why there are complementary learning systems in the hippocampus and neocortex: Insights from the successes and failures of connectionist models of learning and memory. Psychological Review, 102, 419-457. [PDF.] An interview with the authors of this highly cited paper is avaialable [ here].

Usher, M. and McClelland, J. L. (1995). On the time course of perceptual choice: A model based on principles of neural computation. Technical Report PDP.CNS.95.5, Center for the Neural Basis of Cognition, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA. [PDF.]

Plaut, D. C., McClelland, J. L., and Seidenberg, M. S. (1995). Reading exception words and pseudowords: Are two routes really necessary? In J. P. Levy, D. Bairaktaris, J. Bullinaria, and P. Cairns (Eds.), Connectionist models of memory and language (pp. 145-159). London: UCL Press. [PDF.]

1994

O'Reilly, R. C., and McClelland, J. L. (1994). Hippocampal conjunctive encoding, storage and recall: Avoiding a tradeoff. Hippocampus. [Journal Article PDF.] [Preprint PDF.]

McClelland, J. L. (1994). The organization of memory: A Parallel Distributed Processing perspective. Revue Neurologique (Paris), 150, 8-9, 570-579. [PDF.]

McClelland, J. L. (1994). The interaction of nature and nurture in development: A parallel distributed processing perspective. In P. Bertelson, P. Eelen, & G. d'Ydewalle (Eds.), International Perspectives on Psychological Science, Volume 1: Leading Themes. United Kingdom: Erlbaum. [PDF.]

1993

McClelland, J. L., and Plaut, D. C. (1993). Computational approaches to cognition: Top-down approaches. [PDF.]

Plaut, D. C., and McClelland, J. L. (1993). Generalization with componential attractors: Word and nonword reading in an attractor network Proceedings of the 15th Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society, 824-829. [PDF.]

Hoeffner, J. H., and McClelland, J. L. (1993). Can a perceptual processing deficit explain the impairment of inflectional morphology in developmental dysphasia? A computational investigation. Proceedings of the 25th Annual Child Language Research Forum. [PDF.; Related paper by Hoeffner [PDF.]

Movellan, J. R., & McClelland, J. L. (1993). Learning continuous probability distributions with symmetric diffusion networks. Cognitive Science, 17, 463-496. [PDF.]

McClelland, J. L. (1993). Toward a theory of information processing in graded, random, interactive networks. In D. E. Meyer and S. Kornblum (Eds.), Attention & Performance XIV: Synergies in experimental psychology, artificial intelligence and cognitive neuroscience, pp. 655-688. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press. [PDF.]

1992

Nystrom, L. E., & McClelland, J. L. (1992). Trace synthesis in cued recall. Journal of Memory and Language, 31, 591-614. [PDF.]

McClelland, J. L. (1992). Can connectionist models discover the structure of natural language? In Morelli, R., Brown, W. M., Anselmi, D., Haberlandt, K., Lloyd, D. (Eds.) Minds, Brains & Computers, pp. 168-189. Ablex Publishing: Norwood, NJ. [PDF.]

Cohen, J. D., Servan-Schreiber, D., & McClelland, J. L. (1992). A parallel distributed processing approach to automaticity. American Journal of Psychology, 105, 239-269. [PDF.]

1991

Servan-Schreiber, D., Cleeremans, A. & McClelland, J. L. (1991). Graded state machines: The representation of temporal contingencies in simple recurrent networks. Machine Learning, 7, 161-193. [PDF.]

McClelland, J. L., & Jenkins, E. (1991). Nature, nurture, and connections: Implications of connectionist models for cognitive development. In K. Van Lehn (Ed.), Architectures for Intelligence, pp. 41-73. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum. [PDF.]

Farah, M. J., & McClelland, J. L. (1991). A computational model of semantic memory impairment: Modality- specificity and emergent category-specificity. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 120, 339-357. [PDF.]

Cleeremans, A. & McClelland, J. L. (1991). Learning the structure of event sequences. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 120,, 235-253. [PDF.]

McClelland, J. L. (1991). Stochastic interactive processes and the effect of context on perception. Cognitive Psychology, 23, 1-44. [PDF.]

1990

Taraban, R. & McClelland, J. L. (1990). Parsing and Comprehension. A multiple constraint view. In Rayner, K., Balota, M., & Flores D'Arcais, I. Comprehension processes in reading. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum. [PDF.]

St. John, M. F., & McClelland, J. L. (1990). Learning and applying contextual constraints in sentence comprehension. Artificial Intelligence, 46, 217-257. [PDF.]

Cohen, J. D., Dunbar, K. and McClelland, J. L. (1990). On the Control of Automatic Processes: A Parallel-Distributed Processing Account of the Stroop Effect. Psychological Review, 97,, 332-361. [PDF.]

1989

McClelland, J. L. (1989). Parallel distributed processing: Implications for cognition and development. In Morris, R. (Ed)., Parallel distributed processing: Implications for psychology and neurobiology. (pp. 8-45). New York: Oxford University Press. [PDF.]

Seidenberg, M. S. and McClelland, J. L. (1989). A Distributed, Developmental Model of Word Recognition and Naming. Psychological Review, 96, 523-568. [PDF.]

McClelland, J. L., St. John. M., and Taraban, R. (1989). Sentence comprehension: A parallel distributed processing approach. Language and Cognitive Processes, 4, SI 287-335. [PDF.]

Cleeremans, A., Servan-Schreiber, D., & McClelland, J. L. (1989). Finite state automata and simple recurrent networks. Neural Computation, 1 (3), 372-381. [PDF.]

1988

Hinton, G. E., & McClelland, J. L. (1988). Learning representations by recirculation. In D. Z. Anderson, (Ed.), Neural information processing systems (pp. 358-366). New York: American Institute of Physics. [PDF.]

Elman, J. L., & McClelland, J. L. (1988). Cognitive penetration of the mechanisms of perception: Compensation for coarticulation of lexically restored phonemes. Journal of Memory and Language, 27, 143-165. [PDF.]

1986

Rumelhart, D. E., McClelland, J. L., and the PDP research group. (1986). Parallel distributed processing: Explorations in the microstructure of cognition. Volume I. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.

McClelland, J. L., Rumelhart, D. E., and the PDP research group. (1986). Parallel distributed processing: Explorations in the microstructure of cognition. Volume II. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.

Chapters in above volumes:

McClelland, J. L. and Elman, J. L. (1986). The TRACE Model of Speech Perception. Cognitive Psychology, 18, 1-86. [PDF.]

1981-1985

McClelland, J. L. and Rumelhart, D. E. (1985). Distributed memory and the representation of general and specific information. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 114, 159-197. [PDF.]

McClelland, J. L. (1985). Putting knowledge in its place: A scheme for programming parallel processing structures on the fly. Cognitive Science, 9, 113-146. [PDF.]

Elman, J. L. and McClelland, J. L. (1983). Speech perception as a cognitive process: The interactive activation model. ICS Report No. 8302, Institute for Cognitive Science, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093. [PDF.]

Rumelhart, D. E., and McClelland, J. L. (1982). An interactive activation model of context effects in letter perception: Part 2. The context enhancement effect and some tests and extensions of the model. Psychological Review, 89, 60-94. [PDF.]

McClelland, J. L. (1981). Retrieving general and specific information from stored knowledge of specifics. Proceedings of the Third Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society 170-172. [PDF.]

McClelland, J. L. and Rumelhart, D. E. (1981). An interactive activation model of context effects in letter perception: Part 1. An account of Basic Findings. Psychological Review, 88, 375-407. [PDF.]

1979

McClelland, J. L. (1979). On the time relations of mental processes: An examination of systems of processes in cascade. Psychological Review, 86, 287-330. [PDF.]

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